Definition

1. Noun (Biochemistry, Biology):
   • Catabolism: The set of metabolic pathways that breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy in the process. It is the destructive aspect of metabolism, opposite to anabolism.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Quá trình dị hóa giải phóng năng lượng cần thiết cho các hoạt động của tế bào. (The catabolic process releases energy necessary for cellular activities.)
  • Sự phân hủy glucose trong hô hấp tế bào là một ví dụ điển hình của dị hóa. (The breakdown of glucose in cellular respiration is a classic example of catabolism.)

Advanced Usage

• "dị hóa protein": protein catabolism.
  • Dị hóa protein xảy ra khi cơ thể cần sử dụng axit amin để tạo năng lượng. (Protein catabolism occurs when the body needs to use amino acids for energy.)

Variants and Related Words

• Dị hóa học (n): This is a less common variant that can be used synonymously with "dị hóa" in a biochemical context, emphasizing the chemical nature of the process.

Synonyms

• Breakdown: The general act of breaking something down into parts.
• Degradation: The process of breaking down a substance, especially in biochemistry.
• Destructive metabolism: A descriptive synonym for catabolism.

Related Concepts

• Trao đổi chất / Metabolism: The overarching process that includes both catabolism (dị hóa) and anabolism (đồng hóa).
• Đồng hóa / Anabolism: The constructive metabolic process, opposite of catabolism, where complex molecules are built from simpler ones, consuming energy.

1. Sự dị hóa
2. Catabolism, katabolism